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The history of new south wales refers to the history of the australian state of new south wales and the area s preceding indigenous and british colonial societies.
History new south wales colony. The colony of new south wales was established in 1788 as a penal colony. It originally included the areas that became queensland victoria tasmania and south australia. New south wales abbreviated as nsw is a state on the east coast of australia it borders queensland to the north victoria to the south and south australia to the west. At its greatest extent the colony of new south wales included the present day australian states of new south wales queensland victoria tasmania south australia and new zealand the first responsible self government of new.
The southeastern coast of the continent was first sighted by europeans in 1770 on the first voyage of capt. It originally included the areas that became queensland victoria tasmania and south australia. In 1823 the new south wales act was established and passed by the british parliament and a level of autonomous government was set up within the colony. The first satellite colony grew out of new south wales.
In 1788 new south wales became the first australian penal colony by the british under king george iii. Its coast borders the coral and tasman seas to the east. The flow of convict ships slowed in the 1840s. James cook who took possession of what he called new south wales in the name of king george iii the colony originally covered the eastern third of australia from cape york peninsula to the tip of van.
Over the next two years coal mined from the area was the new south wales colony s first export. Over the course of the century new south wales would also be split into victoria colony in the south and queensland colony in the north. In 1855 new south wales. 5 newcastle gained a reputation as a hellhole as it was a place where the most dangerous convicts were sent to dig in the coal mines as harsh punishment for their crimes.
The australian capital territory is an enclave within the state. New south wales was the first australian colony to be established by the british. This was partly because of reforms in the penal system back in britain were taking place. The colony of new south wales was a colony of the british empire from 1788 to 1900 when it became a state of the commonwealth of australia at its greatest extent the colony of new south wales included the present day australian states of new south wales queensland victoria tasmania and south australia the northern territory as well as new zealand.
In 1823 the new south wales act was established and passed by the british parliament and a level of autonomous government was set up within the colony. Australia s first political party was established in new south wales in 1835 by william wentworth and the australian colonies government act of 1850 granted a representative constitution to the colony. The mungo lake remains indicate occupation of parts of the new south wales area by indigenous australians for at least 40 000 years. New south wales state capital is sydney which is also australia s most populous city.
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